How Do Satellites Communicate?

Satellite is an space based object that orbits the planet. There are two types of satellites: Natural and Artificial. Moon is a natural satellite of earth that is continiously orbitting the earth. And arificial satellites also orbits earth. They are developed in the purpose of Communicating, Imging, Scientific surveying and Navigation. Satellites have made global communication system more easier, quicker and more realistic. It has connected the whole world with its bound. There are almost 2000 artificial satellites orbitting the world. These carry analog and digital signals such as voice, pictures, videos and data from one part of the world to another. There are two types of artificial satellites: Polar and Geosynchronous.

Polar: polar satellites doesn't rotate with the earth as it just float on the space. The earth rotates and the whole earth becomes subject to its perscrutation.

Geosynchronous: These satellites are associated with a particular  location and they rotate following the rotation of earth's rotation. Only a particular location becomes a subject to its scrutiny.

What do Satellites do for us?

Satellites are used for many purposes. They Are mostly used for communication, Photography, Imaging, Scientific surveys or researches and Navigation.

Communication: Communication  satellites use radio waves to communicate with the ground stations. It catches signals from the ground signals from the ground station and amplifying or modifying themtransmits them to another ground station. Television, Radio, Internet Cellular phones communicate via satellites. It is also ueful in the areas where typical wired or wireless systems doesn't work.

Photography, Imaging and Scientific Surveys: People all over the world use google map or Google Earth systems which work with the help of satellites. Satellites capture high quality pictures of the ground. It can monitor live activities such as live traffics and pedestrians on earth. They are also used for many purposes such as measuring sea levels, measuring plunktons and nutritional activity scanning the color of the ocean, Weather forecasting, Mapping and monitoring changes in land etc.

Navigation: People all over the world us GPS system to track the maps and location and to get street directions. People also use it as sky compass to get direction. These are possible by the help of Satellites.

What is inside a satellite?

A satellite is a very complex and expensive machine. But we will only discuss about the simple basics. There are a some essential parts of a satellite. Such as,

•             It has large and small parablic dish antennas for sending and receiving signals.

•             It has upper and lower solar batteries of four solar panels in each. The solar panels are the sorce of power for a satellite.

•             It has supports that hel to fold out solar panels.

•             It has main satellite rocket motor.

•             It has controll engines that keep the satellite in its precision, position, spin and orbit.

How does Satellite works?

As satellites receive signals from ground stations so there should be some ground stations to communicate with satellites. Earth or ground stations send information and data via radio waves in the form of high frequency signals to satellites. They receive and retransmit them back to earth. The retransmitted signals are received by other earth stations in the range of the satellite. The transmission system from the earth is known as uplink and the retransmission from the satellite is called downlink.

Who Invented satellite?

The idea of satellite technology was first revealed by a science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke. He proposed of geosynchronous satellite which can cover a third of the planet each. Although he didn't patent it, he is generally credited with its invention.