Satellite is an space based object that orbits the planet.
There are two types of satellites: Natural and Artificial. Moon is a natural
satellite of earth that is continiously orbitting the earth. And arificial
satellites also orbits earth. They are developed in the purpose of Communicating,
Imging, Scientific surveying and Navigation. Satellites have made global
communication system more easier, quicker and more realistic. It has connected
the whole world with its bound. There are almost 2000 artificial satellites
orbitting the world. These carry analog and digital signals such as voice,
pictures, videos and data from one part of the world to another. There are two
types of artificial satellites: Polar and Geosynchronous.
Polar: polar satellites doesn't rotate with the earth as it
just float on the space. The earth rotates and the whole earth becomes subject
to its perscrutation.
Geosynchronous: These satellites are associated with a
particular location and they rotate
following the rotation of earth's rotation. Only a particular location becomes
a subject to its scrutiny.
What do Satellites do for us?
Satellites are used for many purposes. They Are mostly used
for communication, Photography, Imaging, Scientific surveys or researches and
Navigation.
Communication: Communication
satellites use radio waves to communicate with the ground stations. It
catches signals from the ground signals from the ground station and amplifying
or modifying themtransmits them to another ground station. Television, Radio,
Internet Cellular phones communicate via satellites. It is also ueful in the
areas where typical wired or wireless systems doesn't work.
Photography, Imaging and Scientific Surveys: People all over
the world use google map or Google Earth systems which work with the help of
satellites. Satellites capture high quality pictures of the ground. It can
monitor live activities such as live traffics and pedestrians on earth. They
are also used for many purposes such as measuring sea levels, measuring
plunktons and nutritional activity scanning the color of the ocean, Weather
forecasting, Mapping and monitoring changes in land etc.
Navigation: People all over the world us GPS system to track
the maps and location and to get street directions. People also use it as sky
compass to get direction. These are possible by the help of Satellites.
What is inside a satellite?
A satellite is a very complex and expensive machine. But we
will only discuss about the simple basics. There are a some essential parts of
a satellite. Such as,
• It has
large and small parablic dish antennas for sending and receiving signals.
• It has
upper and lower solar batteries of four solar panels in each. The solar panels
are the sorce of power for a satellite.
• It has
supports that hel to fold out solar panels.
• It has
main satellite rocket motor.
• It has
controll engines that keep the satellite in its precision, position, spin and
orbit.
How does Satellite works?
As satellites receive signals from ground stations so there
should be some ground stations to communicate with satellites. Earth or ground
stations send information and data via radio waves in the form of high
frequency signals to satellites. They receive and retransmit them back to
earth. The retransmitted signals are received by other earth stations in the
range of the satellite. The transmission system from the earth is known as
uplink and the retransmission from the satellite is called downlink.
Who Invented satellite?
The idea of satellite technology was first revealed by a science
fiction author Arthur C. Clarke. He proposed of geosynchronous satellite which
can cover a third of the planet each. Although he didn't patent it, he is
generally credited with its invention.
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